QUALIFICATIONS OF BRAZILIAN PROFESSIONALS
Frei Betto
Hopefully Congress will approve applying 10% of the GDP for education. It is not much, but much better than the present 4.5%. Another way, other than significant investment in quality education, has not yet been discovered for developing a nation, increasing its Human Development Index and reducing exclusion, poverty and violence. Our country has a contingent of 92.5 million people in the work force, practically half the population. Of these, 45.5% are not registered or are self employed. According to the IBGE – PNAD 2011 (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics – National Survey by Sample Household – 2011), only 771,409 have a Masters or a PhD. Only 12.5% of those who work are university graduates. Almost all manual labour workers finished high school: 46.8%, i.e. 53.2% of our workers did not even finish high school. Our universities today have 6.6 million students (of a contingent of 27.3 million young people between 18 and 25 years of age!). Of these 73.2% are in private universities. There are only 1.2 million doing technical courses. In Germany which is the world’s fourth economy, most middle school students (60%) are in technical courses. Education is a training ground, made easier by partnerships between schools and business which train apprentices. This reflects in the country’s economy. Last August unemployment amongst German youths under 25 reached 8.1%. In other Eurozone countries it reached 22.8%. Family income is associated with education level. In Brazil those who have a university diploma earn 167% more than those who only finish high school.